What is one outcome of the Rio Earth Summit?

The outcome of the Rio Earth Summit, which took place in 1992, includes the adoption of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This important international treaty was established to address global climate change and its impacts through cooperation among countries. The UNFCCC set the stage for future negotiations and agreements regarding climate actions, as it recognized the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable development.

By establishing a formal framework for dialogue and policy-making, the UNFCCC has been fundamental in shaping international climate policy, leading to subsequent agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement. The summit emphasized the need for global responses to environmental issues, making the signing of the UNFCCC a pivotal moment in the history of environmental governance.

The other options, while significant in their own contexts, are not direct outcomes of the Rio Earth Summit. The Global Reporting Initiative was developed later as a framework for sustainability reporting, the Paris Agreement emerged from negotiations that built on the UNFCCC, and the Montreal Protocol, aimed at phasing out substances that deplete the ozone layer, was adopted in 1987, prior to the Rio Summit.