What are greenhouse gases (GHG) known for?

Greenhouse gases (GHG) are primarily known for their role in absorbing and emitting radiation, which contributes to the greenhouse effect. This process is essential for maintaining the Earth's temperature. When solar energy reaches the Earth, some of it is reflected back to space, but greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap some of this energy, preventing it from escaping. This trapped heat keeps the Earth warm enough to sustain life, but an excess of these gases can lead to an enhanced greenhouse effect, resulting in global warming and climate change.

In contrast to the other choices, the statement about emitting high levels of oxygen is incorrect, as greenhouse gases mainly include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and water vapor, none of which are significant sources of oxygen. The claim that greenhouse gases are solely emitted from natural sources is also incorrect; human activities, such as industrial processes, transportation, and land-use changes, contribute significantly to GHG emissions. Lastly, it is false to state that GHGs have no effect on climate change because their accumulation in the atmosphere is a leading cause of the current climate crisis.