In GHG Project Accounting, what does "baseline" represent?

The term "baseline" in GHG (Greenhouse Gas) Project Accounting refers to the status-quo-ante emissions levels. This baseline is essentially a reference point that reflects the expected GHG emissions that would occur in the absence of the specific project or intervention being evaluated. Establishing a baseline is critical for accurately assessing the effectiveness of a GHG reduction project, as it allows for comparison between the emissions that would have occurred without the project and the actual emissions that occur with it.

In the context of climate projects, understanding the baseline helps stakeholders determine the amount of emission reductions achieved. The baseline can be based on historical data, modeling, or a combination of both, and it plays a crucial role in ensuring proper verification and reporting of a project's carbon impact. By focusing on the status-quo-ante emissions levels, practitioners can establish a clear picture from which to measure the project's success in reducing emissions over time.